Re: About TBDY 2018 ŞGDT Hello; 1- This article expresses the rotation limit for plastic hinges. This boundary is a matter of how the skeleton curve is defined in the plastic hinge model. Plastic joint rotation limits may vary in accordance with the conditions in various regulations. For example, in ASCE, the skeletal curves of plastic hinges and plastic rotational limits are different from TBDY. In some cases, structural damage can be determined not by plastic rotations, but by the thrust curve. ,Equation 5.6 effective section stiffnesses may be slightly reduced due to the use of expected average strength, consistency of test results. 2- TBDY gives the formulas of the mander model as a reinforced concrete material model. When you look at the formulas of the Mander model in the literature, there is the x^r term. The coefficient r also depends on values such as the modulus of elasticity of the concrete, the unit strain limit when the concrete reaches compressive strength (TBDY gave it as 0.002 for uncoated concrete). Although these values differ in regulations such as TS500, TBDY, ACI, Eurocode, they are very close to each other. In the Mander model equation, you can see that when the values in the table you sent are applied and the stress-strain curves of concrete are superimposed, curves close to each other are obtained. Best regards...